Aneurysm and Dissection of the Heart are two serious medical conditions that affect the heart's structure and function.
Aneurysm of the Heart
An aneurysm is a bulge or sac that forms in the wall of the heart, usually after a heart attack.
Causes
1. Heart attack (myocardial infarction)
2. Weakening of the heart muscle (cardiomyopathy)
3. Trauma or injury to the heart
4. Congenital heart defects
5. Infections (e.g., endocarditis)
Symptoms
1. Chest pain or discomfort
2. Shortness of breath
3. Fatigue
4. Palpitations or irregular heartbeat
5. Coughing or wheezing
Dissection of the Heart
A dissection is a tear in the lining of the heart's blood vessels, which can cause blood to leak into the surrounding tissue.
Causes
1. High blood pressure
2. Atherosclerosis (plaque buildup in arteries)
3. Trauma or injury to the heart
4. Congenital heart defects
5. Infections (e.g., endocarditis)
Symptoms
1. Severe chest pain or discomfort
2. Shortness of breath
3. Dizziness or lightheadedness
4. Palpitations or irregular heartbeat
5. Confusion or loss of consciousness
Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosis is made using imaging tests such as echocardiogram, cardiac MRI or CT scan, and angiography.
Treatment options include:
1. Surgery (e.g., aneurysmectomy, heart transplant)
2. Medications (e.g., beta blockers, ACE inhibitors)
3. Lifestyle changes (e.g., exercise, diet, stress management)
4. Monitoring and follow-up care
Complications
Complications of aneurysm and dissection of the heart include:
1. Heart failure
2. Arrhythmias or abnormal heart rhythms
3. Blood clots or embolism
4. Cardiac arrest
5. Death
This article is for information purpose only. Please consult your doctor for the treatment