Anemia is a condition where the body has a lower than normal number of red blood cells or the red blood cells do not have enough hemoglobin, leading to inadequate oxygen delivery to tissues.
Types:
1. Iron-deficiency anemia
2. Vitamin deficiency anemia (e.g., B12, folate)
3. Anemia of chronic disease (e.g., kidney disease, rheumatoid arthritis)
4. Sickle cell anemia
5. Thalassemia
Causes:
1. Iron deficiency
2. Vitamin deficiencies
3. Chronic diseases
4. Genetic disorders
5. Blood loss (e.g., menstruation, internal bleeding)
Symptoms:
1. Fatigue
2. Weakness
3. Pale skin
4. Shortness of breath
5. Dizziness
6. Headaches
7. Cold hands and feet
Diagnosis:
1. Complete blood count (CBC)
2. Blood smear
3. Iron level tests
4. Vitamin level tests
Treatment:
1. Iron supplements
2. Vitamin supplements
3. Blood transfusions
4. Medications for underlying conditions
5. Dietary changes (e.g., increasing iron-rich foods)
Complications:
1. Heart problems
2. Poor pregnancy outcomes
3. Impaired cognitive function
4. Increased risk of infections
5. Decreased quality of life
This article is for information purpose only. Please consult your doctor for the treatment.