Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction that requires immediate medical attention.
Causes:
1. Food allergies (e.g., peanuts, tree nuts, fish)
2. Insect stings (e.g., bee, wasp, hornet)
3. Medications (e.g., antibiotics, anesthetics)
4. Latex allergy
Symptoms:
1. Sudden onset of symptoms
2. Constriction of airways, leading to difficulty breathing
3. Rapid heartbeat
4. Dizziness or fainting
5. Confusion or loss of consciousness
6. Hives or itchy skin
7. Swelling of face, lips, tongue, or throat
Treatment:
1. Epinephrine injection (e.g., EpiPen)
2. Call 911 or seek immediate medical attention
3. Administer antihistamines and steroids
4. Provide oxygen therapy
5. Monitor vital signs and cardiac function
Prevention:
1. Identify and avoid allergens
2. Carry an EpiPen or other emergency medication
3. Inform healthcare providers and emergency responders of allergies
4. Develop an emergency action plan
Complications:
1. Respiratory failure
2. Cardiac arrest
3. Septic shock
4. Neurological damage
Prognosis:
Prompt treatment with epinephrine and medical attention can improve outcomes. Delayed treatment can lead to serious complications or death.
This article is for information purpose only. Please consult your doctor for the treatment.