Anal Fistula is an abnormal connection between the inside of the anus and the skin around it, often causing pain, discharge, and infection.
Causes:
1. Anal abscesses
2. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
3. Trauma (e.g., childbirth, surgery)
4. Infection (e.g., tuberculosis, HIV)
Symptoms:
1. Pain or discomfort around the anus
2. Pus or discharge from the fistula
3. Itching or irritation around the anus
4. Fever
5. Foul odor
Diagnosis:
1. Physical exam
2. Digital rectal exam (DRE)
3. Anoscopy
4. Imaging tests (e.g., MRI, CT scan)
Treatment:
1. Surgery (e.g., fistulotomy, seton placement)
2. Antibiotics for infection
3. Pain management
4. Wound care
Complications:
1. Recurrence
2. Infection
3. Abscess formation
4. Narrowing of the anal canal (stenosis)
Prevention:
1. Practice good hygiene
2. Avoid straining during bowel movements
3. Manage underlying conditions (e.g., IBD, diabetes)
4. Seek medical attention for anal abscesses or infections.
This article is for information purpose only. Please consult your doctor for the treatment.