Anal Fissure is a small tear in the lining of the anus, often causing pain and bleeding during bowel movements.
Causes:
1. Constipation
2. Diarrhea
3. Trauma (e.g., childbirth, anal sex)
4. Poor bowel habits
5. Inadequate fiber intake
Symptoms:
1. Severe pain during bowel movements
2. Bright red bleeding
3. Itching or irritation around the anus
4. Difficulty passing stool
5. Foul odor
Diagnosis:
1. Physical exam
2. Digital rectal exam (DRE)
3. Anoscopy
4. Biopsy (rarely needed)
Treatment:
1. Topical creams (e.g., nitroglycerin, lidocaine)
2. Stool softeners
3. Fiber supplements
4. Warm sitz baths
5. Surgery (e.g., fissurectomy, anal advancement flap)
Complications:
1. Chronic pain
2. Infection
3. Abscess formation
4. Fistula development
Prevention:
1. Maintain a high-fiber diet
2. Stay hydrated
3. Avoid straining during bowel movements
4. Practice good bowel habits
5. Manage constipation or diarrhea promptly
This article is for information purpose only. Please consult your doctor for the treatment.