Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurological disease that affects nerve cells responsible for controlling voluntary muscle movement.
Types:
1. Sporadic ALS: Most common form,
with no known cause.
2. Familial ALS: Inherited form, accounting for 5-10% of cases.
Symptoms:
1. Muscle weakness or twitching
2. Muscle atrophy
3. Difficulty speaking or swallowing
4. Difficulty walking or maintaining balance
5. Respiratory problems
Diagnosis:
1. Medical history and physical exam
2. Electromyography (EMG)
3. Nerve conduction studies
4. MRI or CT scans
5. Genetic testing
Treatment:
1. Riluzole: Slows disease progression.
2. Edaravone: Reduces oxidative stress.
3. Physical therapy: Maintains muscle strength and mobility.
4. Occupational therapy: Assists with daily activities.
5. Respiratory therapy: Manages breathing difficulties.
Prognosis:
ALS is a terminal disease, with a typical life expectancy of 2-5 years after diagnosis. However, some patients may live for 10 years or more.
This article is for information purposes only. Please consult your doctor for the treatment.