Alzheimer's Disease is a progressive neurological disorder that affects memory, thinking, and behavior.
Causes and Risk Factors:
1. Genetics
2. Age (65+)
3. Family history
4. Traumatic brain injury
5. Cardiovascular disease
6. Diabetes
7. Obesity
8. Smoking
Symptoms:
1. Memory loss (short-term and long-term)
2. Confusion and disorientation
3. Difficulty with communication and language
4. Mood changes (depression, anxiety, agitation)
5. Personality changes
6. Loss of initiative and motivation
7. Difficulty with daily activities (ADLs)
Stages:
1. Preclinical (no symptoms)
2. Early-stage (mild cognitive impairment)
3. Moderate-stage (noticeable cognitive decline)
4. Late-stage (severe cognitive decline)
Diagnosis:
1. Medical history and physical exam
2. Laboratory tests (blood, urine, imaging)
3. Cognitive and neuropsychological tests
4. Genetic testing (optional)
Treatment and Management:
1. Medications (cholinesterase inhibitors, memantine)
2. Lifestyle modifications (exercise, social engagement, cognitive stimulation)
3. Behavioral interventions (cognitive training, therapy)
4. Caregiver support and education
This article is for information purpose only. Please consult your doctor for the treatment.